Active physiotherapy involves movement-based therapy; passive involves modalities like ultrasound or massage. Know when each is used and why.
When you’re starting physiotherapy, you may hear your therapist talk about active and passive treatments. Both play important roles in your recovery — but they work in different ways.
Let’s break down what each approach means, how they’re used, and why the best results often come from a combination of both.
What Is Passive Physiotherapy?
Passive physiotherapy involves treatments that are done to you, rather than treatments you actively participate in. These methods are often used to reduce pain, inflammation, and stiffness, especially in the early stages of recovery.
Common Examples:
- Manual therapy (hands-on techniques by the therapist)
- Massage
- Ultrasound therapy
- Electrical stimulation (e.g., TENS)
- Heat or cold therapy
- Dry needling or acupuncture
When It’s Used:
- Right after an injury or surgery
- When pain or swelling limits movement
- To prepare the body for active exercises
Passive treatments can provide relief and improve mobility, making it easier to transition into more active rehab.
What Is Active Physiotherapy?
Active physiotherapy includes exercises and movements that you perform, either with guidance from your physiotherapist or on your own between visits. The goal is to build strength, flexibility, balance, and long-term function.
Common Examples:
- Stretching and mobility exercises
- Strength training and resistance work
- Balance and stability drills
- Functional movement retraining (e.g., walking, lifting, climbing stairs)
- Home exercise programs
When It’s Used:
- After initial pain is under control
- To restore movement and prevent re-injury
- To address muscle imbalances or postural issues
Active physiotherapy puts you in the driver’s seat — and it’s essential for long-term recovery and results.
So, Which One Is Better?
It’s not about one being better than the other — it’s about the right mix at the right time.
- Passive treatments help control pain and ease you into movement.
- Active treatments rebuild strength and restore function.
A well-rounded physiotherapy plan will usually start with more passive treatments and gradually shift toward an active approach as you progress.
Final Thoughts
Understanding the difference between active and passive physiotherapy can help you feel more informed and empowered in your care. At our Toronto clinic, we tailor every treatment plan to your needs — using both active and passive techniques to help you heal faster and move better.
Ready to take the next step in your recovery?
Book an assessment with our physiotherapy team today. We’re here to support you — every step of the way.
